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Innovative development path of ethnomedicines: the interpretation of the path
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《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第1期 页码 32-47 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0495-2
One of the primary purposes of the innovative development of ethnomedicines is to use their excellent safety and significant efficacy to serve a broader population. To achieve this purpose, modern scientific and technological means should be referenced, and relevant national laws and regulations as well as technical guides should be strictly followed to develop standards and to perform systemic research in producing ethnomedicines. Finally, ethnomedicines, which are applied to a limited extent in ethnic areas, can be transformed into safe, effective, and quality-controllable medical products to relieve the pain of more patients. The innovative development path of ethnomedicines includes the following three primary stages: resource study, standardized development research, and industrialization of the achievements and efforts for internationalization. The implementation of this path is always guaranteed by the research and development platform and the talent team. This article is based on the accumulation of long-term practice and is combined with the relevant disciplines, laws and regulations, and technical guidance from the research and development of ethnomedicines. The intention is to perform an in-depth analysis and explanation of the major research thinking, methods, contents, and technical paths involved in all stages of the innovative development path of ethnomedicines to provide useful references for the development of proper ethnomedicine use.
关键词： ethnomedicines innovative development path resource study standardized development research industrialization internationalization
HIGHLIGHTS OF THE SPECIAL ISSUE ON “HORTICULTURE RESEARCH FOR GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” EDITORIAL
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第2期 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021396
Horticulture is the science and technology of intensively cultivating plants for food, comfort and beautification purposes. Horticulture comprises a wide range of plants and crops including fruit and nut trees, vegetables, edible fungi, and ornamental plants, as well as tea plants also categorized as horticultural crops in some countries including China. Horticultural products are of great value and serve as important dietary sources of antioxidants, vitamins and mineral nutrients for human nutrition and health. Development of a green and sustainable horticulture, producing more and safer fruit and vegetables, is a prerequisite for meeting the ever-increasing demand of the growing human population.
In contrast to other field crops or model plants, horticulture comprises a diverse group of plants ranging from annual to perennial crops that are primarily grown for fresh consumption, which means their cultivation and breeding methods are quite different from other plants, in particular, in somatic variation or bud-sport, grafting propagation, flowering regulation, organogenetic development and postharvest storage systems. Horticultural research mainly focuses on breeding, cultivation and postharvest production related biological questions, to generate knowledge beneficial for cultivar improvement for better quality and year-round supply, to understand biological basis and regulation of quality formation and maintenance. However, owing to the long juvenile period, polyembryony (such as in citrus), large canopy of perennial horticultural plants, especially for fruit crops, basic and applied research has progressed slowly over the years.
Recently, with the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology, research in horticulture has entered the new ‘omics’ era. A large number of datasets for horticultural plants obtained through multi-omics including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, are now available, which provides many clues for understanding the molecular basis of agronomically important traits. To date, high-quality draft genome sequences have been accomplished for more than 30 horticultural plant species. Based on these reference genomes, resequencing data and newly developed molecular markers, numerous key candidate loci/genes controlling major agronomical traits of perennial horticultural plants have been identified through BSA and GWAS analysis of genetic populations, using these strategies that have been successfully and widely applied to field crops and model plants. One prime example is the genetic locus responsible for citrus polyembryony, which was recently narrowed to an 80-kb region containing 11 candidate genes by comparative genomic analysis of natural citrus populations, identifying CitRWPas the key candidate gene controlling polyembryony. This approach was also applied to QTL mapping and candidate gene mining for fruit quality (including sugar, acid, TSS and carotenoid), fruit shape, fruit size, fruit weight traits in perennial horticultural plants, such as apple, citrus, grape, peach and pear. Also, recent research on the exploitation and utilization of short-juvenile germplasm, like mini-citrus as a model plant, has facilitated functional genomics of fruit crops. A number of functional genes and their molecular mechanisms were successively identified, thereby accelerating the breeding and genetic improvement of main cultivars.
Considering the rapid progress of horticulture research and its indispensable contribution to human health, Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering (FASE) is launching a special issue “Horticulture Research for Green and Sustainable Development”. We invited experts with rich experience in studies of fruit crops, vegetables, ornamentals and tea plants to share their new research achievements and perspectives. A total of 11 articles are included in this special issue. Its research findings cover QTL mapping and key gene mining for maesil weeping traits (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2020379) and tea flavonoid metabolism (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021382), functional identification of apple anthocyanin biosynthetic regulator MdMYB1 in controlling ascorbic acid accumulation (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2020367), trifoliate orange PtLEA7 protein (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2020368) and apple SUMO E3 Ligase MdSIZ1 (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021388) in modulating drought tolerance, tomato D1 protein turnover in photoprotection under sub-high temperature and high light conditions (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021383), and tomato FNC gene in determining the fruit netted-cracking phenotype (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2020374). Electrical signals have been reported to be widely generated in response to various environmental changes and are recognized as vital for plant defense, Hu et al. investigated the characteristics of herbivory/wound-elicited electrical signal transduction in tomato, found GLR3.3 and GLR3.5 function as key regulators in leaflet-to-leaflet electrical signal transduction and JA accumulation (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021395). Ploidy manipulation via diploid by tetraploid interploidy crosses is widely used for breeding triploid seedless cultivars. Xia et al. (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021385) produced 182 triploid and 36 tetraploid plants between the diploid Orah mandarin and three allotetraploid somatic hybrids, and further revealed the mechanism of tetraploid hybrids formation by the fertilization of 2n megagametophytes via second division restitution. Two reviews are also included in this special issue. Ji et al. reviewed the recent advances in the regulation of climacteric fruit ripening in terms of phytohormones, transcription factors and epigenetic modifications (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021386). Makkumrai et al. compared the planting locations, climates, cultivation systems, orchard managements, fruit characteristics, and main metabolites between Chinese and Thailand pummelos, highlighted the potential resources for pummelo breeding and genetic improvement (https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021391).
As the guest editors, we thank all the authors and reviewers for their great contributions to this special issue on “Horticulture Research for Green and Sustainable Development”, and the FASE editorial team for their great support. We hope the research findings in this issue represent the main concerns of horticulture researchers and producers, and will be beneficial to quality promotion and cultivar improvement of horticultural crops and ensure a green and sustainable development of horticultural industry.
Review of research and development of computer-aided Kansei Engineering
Li LIN, Chengqi XUE
《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第2期 页码 125-128 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0023-z
Current research, key performances and future development of search and rescue robots
LIU Jinguo, WANG Yuechao, LI Bin, MA Shugen
《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第4期 页码 404-416 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0070-2
关键词： national development communicability mobility national intelligent network
Progress in the research and development of p-xylene liquid phase oxidation process
WANG Lijun, CHENG Youwei, WANG Qinbo, LI Xi
《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期 页码 317-326 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0058-9
关键词： development -xylene Zhejiang University particular attention viewpoint
Progress on the research and development of human enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccines
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《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期 页码 111-121 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0237-z
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infections, which can cause severe complications, have become one of the serious public health issues in the Western Pacific region and China. To date, a number of pharmaceutical companies and institutes have initiated the research and development of EV71 vaccines as a countermeasure. As is the case with innovative vaccine development, there are several critical bottlenecks in EV71 vaccine development that must be overcome before the clinical trials, including the selection of vaccine strain, standardization of the procedure for quantifying neutralizing antibody (NTAb) and antigen, establishment and application of a reference standard and biological standards, development of animal models for the evaluation of protective efficacy, and identification of the target patient population. To tackle these technical obstacles, researchers in Mainland of China have conducted a series of studies concerning the screening of vaccine strains and the establishment of criteria, biological standards and detection methods, thereby advancing EV71 vaccine development. This review summarizes recent worldwide progress on the quality control and evaluation of EV71 vaccines.
关键词： enterovirus 71 (EV71) hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) vaccine
“新一代人工智能引领下的智能制造研究”课题组
《中国工程科学》 2018年 第20卷 第4期 页码 1-8 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.04.001
智能制造是建设制造强国的主攻方向。智能制造是一个不断演进发展的大概念，本文提出智能制造的内涵，归纳出三个基本范式：数字化制造、数字化网络化制造、数字化网络化智能化制造——新一代智能制造，明确了我国推进制造业智能转型应采取“并行推进、融合发展”的技术路线，提出了我国智能制造未来发展的战略目标、战略方针和发展路径，进而对我国体制机制保障和政策提出加强和落实智能制造推进机制、加大财税和金融支持、深化国际交流合作等初步的建议。
包起帆,任国华
《中国工程科学》 2013年 第15卷 第6期 页码 14-19
从战略的高度，以现代物流、河口海岸、环境生态、经济管理和数理统计等多学科的视角，进行前瞻性的思考，提出一种解决土地资源紧缺和合理使用土地资源的方案——以围海造地拓展上海城市发展新空间；以建设深水新港优化土地使用并稳固上海的国际航运中心地位，试图为上海新一轮发展的前期准备和决策提供支撑
Feng Qi, Jie Wu, Hao Li, Guanghui Ma
《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期 页码 14-27 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1729-4
关键词： PLGA microspheres drug delivery system stability manufacturing
“中国工程科技2035发展战略研究”总体项目组
《中国工程科学》 2017年 第19卷 第1期 页码 27-33 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.01.005
工程科技是与生产力结合最为紧密的科学技术，是实现强国目标的直接推动力。工程科技中长期发展战略研究的任务是面向“两个一百年”的强国目标，结合我国国情和发展需求，开展工程科技发展路径设计。本文探讨了我国经济社会发展与科技强国建设对工程科技创新的要求，介绍了将需求牵引与技术推动相结合开展工程科技中长期发展战略研究和路径谋划的方法体系，在愿景分析基础上，提出了面向2035年中国工程科技发展的总体思路和战略构想。
贺德馨
《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第6期 页码 95-100
2008年2月中国工程院启动中国能源中长期（2030、2050）发展战略研究重大咨询项目，项目设置6个课题，根据可再生能源课题的安排，风能组的工作是在“中国可再生能源发展战略研究”的基础上，进一步摸清风能资源家底，从战略的角度对风能市场、产业、技术和应用进行综合分析，提出我国风能中长期发展的战略目标、技术路线、发展重点和政策措施。文章简要介绍了研究的结果。
“能源领域咨询研究”综合组
《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第9期 页码 18-28
目前能源“金三角”正处于发展战略机遇期，大规模的能源开发支持了区域经济快速增长，在我国能源格局中的战略地位举足轻重。本文从该区域能源经济社会发展状况入手，分析阐述了区域发展环境与比较优势，重点分析了区域发展中所面临的产业结构同质化严重、能源资源开发粗放、煤炭转化无序竞争、能源外输压力大、水资源短缺、生态环境脆弱等一系列问题，提出了“统筹规划、科学开发、有序转化、优化输配、多能协同、生态低碳”的发展战略思路，建议重点打造能源“金三角”综合改革试验区，推进区域一体化发展，为促进区域产业转型升级与可持续发展提供参考。
“中国工程科技2035发展战略研究”海洋领域课题组
《中国工程科学》 2017年 第19卷 第1期 页码 108-117 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.01.016
提高海洋资源开发能力，发展海洋经济，保护海洋生态环境，坚决维护国家海洋权益，建设海洋强国是我国重要的长期发展战略目标。从全球视野和经略海洋能力来看，我国尚处于探索和开发海洋的初步阶段，需要将海洋资源探查、工程开发利用、环境保护和国家权益维护作为有机整体，开展海洋强国建设的顶层设计。本研究通过一系列海洋跨学科交叉和集成的技术预见分析，研判我国海洋领域的重要技术方向。从海洋环境立体观测技术与装备、海底资源勘查与开发、海洋生物资源勘查与开发、海水和海洋能资源综合利用、海洋环境安全保障及海洋开发装备6个关键领域，提出了面向2035的我国海洋工程科技的愿景、发展重点、发展战略及发展途径。
温俊峰
《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第1期 页码 31-35
首先论述了现代管理决策理论对我国航空发动机研制发展的重要意义和科学决策的关键作用。通过国内外航空新机研制发展的成败实例，分析总结在决策与管理上的经验与教训，并进一步阐述了在决策航空发动机的研制发展时，必须从我国实际出发正确处理好几个关系。为了我国航空发动机更好、更快地发展，当务之急是实施决策科学化和民主化。最后对我国新机研制发展科学决策提出了几点建议。
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
HIGHLIGHTS OF THE SPECIAL ISSUE ON “HORTICULTURE RESEARCH FOR GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT”
期刊论文
Current research, key performances and future development of search and rescue robots
LIU Jinguo, WANG Yuechao, LI Bin, MA Shugen
期刊论文
Progress in the research and development of p-xylene liquid phase oxidation process
WANG Lijun, CHENG Youwei, WANG Qinbo, LI Xi
期刊论文
Recent research and development of PLGA/PLA microspheres/nanoparticles: A review in scientific and industrial
Feng Qi, Jie Wu, Hao Li, Guanghui Ma
期刊论文
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